In Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio frequency simulation testing, Gaussian white noise (AWGN) is typically regarded as the baseline configuration for replicating real-world electromagnetic environments. However, engineering practice has shown that the impact of noise on a receiver’s positioning performance does not follow a linear, monotonic relationship. Based on actual measurement data from the DST GNSS simulator, this paper analyzes the physical mechanisms of Gaussian noise in Kalman filters, correlator jitter, and phase-locked loops, and provides a scientific testing guide for configuring simulation noise.
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